What does theophylline interact with?
TABLE II. Clinically significant drug interactions with theophylline.*
| Drug | Type of Interaction |
|---|---|
| Carbamazepine | Similar to aminoglutethimide. |
| Cimetidine | Decreases theophylline clearance by inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A2. |
| Ciprofloxacin | Similar to cimetidine. |
| Clarithromycin | Similar to erythromycin. |
What is the adverse effect of theophylline?
Nausea/vomiting, stomach/abdominal pain, headache, trouble sleeping, diarrhea, irritability, restlessness, nervousness, shaking, or increased urination may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
Which of the following fluids should be avoided while taking theophylline?
Drinking or eating foods high in caffeine, like coffee, tea, cocoa, and chocolate, may increase the side effects caused by theophylline. Avoid large amounts of these substances while you are taking theophylline.
Which of the following adverse reactions is associated with elevated theophylline concentrations?
When peak serum theophylline concentrations exceed 20 mcg/mL, however, theophylline produces a wide range of adverse reactions including persistent vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, and intractable seizures which can be lethal (see OVERDOSAGE).
What can increase theophylline levels?
Administration of allopurinol, oral contraceptives, cimetidine, erythromycin, quinolone antibiotics, fluvoxamine, zileuton, and zafirlukast has been shown to increase theophylline levels.
What does theophylline toxicity look like?
What happens to patients with theophylline intoxication? Signs of mild theophylline toxicity are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tachycardia, and muscle tremor and are usually seen with levels around 20 to 25 mg/L.
What is the antidote for theophylline?
The oral administration of multiple doses of activated charcoal (which increases theophylline clearance) is recommended for nearly all patients with theophylline intoxication.
